Yoga Sudhākara II - 10 by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

 Yoga Sūtra-s of Patanjali

Interpretation by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

Yoga Sudhākara

Pada II: Sādhana Pāda

Sūtra 10

Earlier in the beginning of this chapter, the nature of Karmayoga [Kriyāyoga as Patanjali calls it in Sūtra No II-01] was explained. [Tapas, Svādhyāya and Īśvarapraṇidhāna are practised together is called Kriyāyoga.] The active causes for unhappiness were weakened by the practice of Karmayoga. [Sūtra No II-02 says kleśatanūkaraṇārthaśca. The practice of Kriyāyoga is also for weakening the active causes of unhappiness. Gaining a one-pointed state of mind is another benefit of Kriyāyoga. samādhibhāvanārthaḥ.] The remaining subtle and potential causes of unhappiness can be eradicated by realising Puruṣa, separated from the body-mind unit; this was already explained. [The Sūtra No I-16 says that “through the realisation of Puruṣa all the seed of tendencies will be destroyed."] When these potential causes of unhappiness are burned by self-realisation, their roots also need to be uprooted completely. [Otherwise, it is their nature to reappear to cause more unhappiness in life.] The method to uproot the root cause of unhappiness is described in this Sūtra.

Sūtra 10:

The potential cause of unhappiness should be eradicated by going back to the root.

When the mind leaves its individuality and blends with its original nature, that state of mind is called pratiprasavaḥ [moving against the direction of creation]. The potential cause of unhappiness can be eradicated through this state of mind. When the mind loses its individuality, the latent tendencies also become inactive. The potential causes of unhappiness are these latent tendencies in the mind. Along with the individuality of the mind, all such tendencies which are the potential causes of unhappiness are also permanently eradicated.

[Through Kriyāyoga the Kleśa-s become weak. When Puruṣa is separated from Prakṛti in Dhyāna, the mind loses its individuality. As a result of this self-realisation the potential causes of unhappiness which are the latent tendencies are also removed and cleared in the individual.]

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पातन्जलयोगसूत्राणि

श्री सदाशिव ब्रह्मेन्द्र सरस्वत्या विरचितः

योगसुधाकरो वृत्तिः

द्वितीयो साधनपादः

पूर्वं कर्मयोगमभिधाय तेन विरलाः क्लेशास्तत्समनन्तरभाविपुरूषख्यात्या दग्धा भवन्तीत्यभिहितम्। तत्र सूक्ष्माणां दग्धानामधुना समूलोन्मीलनोपायमाह​-

ते प्रतिप्रसवहेयाः सूक्ष्माः॥१०॥

चित्तस्य निवृत्ताधिकारस्य प्रकृतौ प्रलयः प्रतिप्रसवः। तेन हेयाः सूक्ष्माः क्लेशाः। स्वमूलभूतचित्तहानौ तत्सम्स्काररूपाः सूक्ष्माः समूलघातं हता भवन्तीत्यर्थः।

Yoga Sudhākara II - 09 by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

 Yoga Sūtra-s of Patanjali

Interpretation by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

Yoga Sudhākara

Pada II: Sādhana Pāda

Sūtra 9

[This Sūtra talks about the reason for the deep love for life in all living beings. As a result of this love, fear of death is experienced.]

Sūtra 9:

Flowing on by its own power of attachment, experienced even by the learned scholar, is love for life.

The terrible fear which grows and flows by its own power to cling to life [this is the nature of this Kleśa], even a learned scholar would behave like a confused fool [because he cannot remember all he learned when he is affected by fear], is called abhiniveśaḥ.

Because of the memory of the pain of death from previous life-time, all living beings from a worm to the wise, experience the fear of death, which appears as a pain to separate from their belongings including the body etc. They experience this fear moment to moment, without any reason. That long-lasting fear is called abhiniveśaḥ; this is the meaning of this Sūtra.

[The body and mind are considered as the belongings of the Jīvātma who dwells in them for the time being during the present life-time.]

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पातन्जलयोगसूत्राणि

श्री सदाशिव ब्रह्मेन्द्र सरस्वत्या विरचितः

योगसुधाकरो वृत्तिः

द्वितीयो साधनपादः

स्वरसवाही विदुषोपि तथारूढोऽभिनिवेशः॥९॥

स्वरसतः प्रवाहशीलो विदुषोऽपि तथा मूढवदारूढो भयत्रासोऽभिनिवेशः। 

पूर्वजन्मानुभूतमरणदुःखानुभववासनाबलात्सर्वस्य प्राणभृन्मात्रस्य आ क्रिमेरा च विदुषः संजायमानः शरीरविषयादेर्मम वियोगो मा भूदिति प्रत्यहं निमित्तमन्तरेण प्रवर्तमानो भयरूपोऽभिनिवेश इति।

Yoga Sudhākara II - 08 by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

 Yoga Sūtra-s of Patanjali

Interpretation by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

Yoga Sudhākara

Pada II: Sādhana Pāda

Sūtra 8

[This Sūtra talks about dveṣa (Aversion) which is a byproduct of rāga (desire or attraction). The desire for the experience of pleasure is the root cause of dveṣa.]

Sūtra 8:

Aversion is the sequential repulsion from pain.

The one who has experienced unhappiness would never want to experience it again. Remembering the unhappy experience, he tries to get rid of it. That dislike towards the cause of unhappiness is called Aversion.

[The one who has experienced unhappiness would be trying to get rid of unhappiness and the cause of it. There is a saying in Malayalam like this: ”A cat which fell in hot water would naturally be afraid even of normal water.” (cūṭuveḷḷattil vīṇa pūcca paccaveḷḷam kanḍālum pēṭikkum.) As it is said in this saying, aversion is felt as a result of deep rooted fear of the human mind. Fear is also another form of desire (kāma) just like aversion. In short, all negative emotions are the byproducts of the inbuilt desire in the human mind.]

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पातन्जलयोगसूत्राणि

श्री सदाशिव ब्रह्मेन्द्र सरस्वत्या विरचितः

योगसुधाकरो वृत्तिः

द्वितीयो साधनपादः

दुःखानुशयी द्वेषः॥८॥

दुःखाभिज्ञस्य तदनुस्मृतिपुरःसरं तत्साधनेषु निन्दा द्वेष इत्यर्थः।

Yoga Sudhākara II - 07 by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

 Yoga Sūtra-s of Patanjali

Interpretation by Śrī Sādaśiva Brahmendra Sarasvati

Yoga Sudhākara

Pada II: Sādhana Pāda

Sūtra 7

The nature of Rāga, the internal attachment, is described here-

Sūtra 7:

The attraction which happens sequentially after the memory of an experience of pleasure is the internal attachment.

The one who has experienced pleasure will naturally remember the pleasure with attraction and desire. The desire to repeat the experience of the same pleasure is called internal attachment.

[Internal attachment is experienced as uncontrollably recurring thoughts in mind. The desire to experience the same pleasure repeatedly is the reason for this recurring thought. Attachment towards the pleasure as well as towards the pleasurable objects are both can be known as the cause for unhappiness.]

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पातन्जलयोगसूत्राणि

श्री सदाशिव ब्रह्मेन्द्र सरस्वत्या विरचितः

योगसुधाकरो वृत्तिः

द्वितीयो साधनपादः

रागं निरूपयति-

सुखानुशयी रागः॥७॥

सुखाभिज्ञस्य सुखानुस्मृतिपूर्वकं सुखसाधनेषु तृष्णारूपो राग इत्यर्थः।